• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    classification of glasses with respect to protection against the risk of uv radiation. the present invention relates to an index value which is calculated to classify a pair of glasses (1) with respect to protection against uv risk. said index value is based on the transmission value of integrated UV radiation through the glasses (1) and the reflection value of integrated UV radiation related to a rear face (1b) of the glasses (1). thus, the index value takes into account real conditions of use in which the exposure of the eye to uv radiation is due to transmission (t) through the glasses (1) or the reflection (r) on the rear face (1b) of the glasses ( 1). respective index values obtained for a set of glasses (1) allow easy screening of the glasses with respect to the efficiency of protection against uv radiation.
    公开号:BR112014015313B1
    申请号:R112014015313-2
    申请日:2012-12-13
    公开日:2021-04-13
    发明作者:Karl Citek；Gilles Baillet；Francisco De Ayguavives；Gabriel Keita
    申请人:Essilor International；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The present invention relates to a method of classifying a pair of glasses and also to a method of screening a set of glasses in relation to protection against the risk of UV radiation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] The risks arising from UV radiation for human eyes have long been suspected and studied. For example, the document in US 5,949,535 contains a presentation of some of the damage that can be caused by UV radiation on the eye. In everyday life, most of the UV radiation found is from the sun, although some of the existing artificial light sources also produce significant amounts of UV radiation.
    [003] It is also known that items for use in the eyes can provide protection against the risk of UV radiation to a user. For example, the aforementioned document in US 5,949,535 discloses the classification of an item for use in the eyes according to its solar radiation protection capabilities, particularly in the UV range. Then, a user of the eye wear item can be informed about the protection efficiency of the item against the risk of UV radiation by providing a numerical value that quantifies this protection efficiency. The classification method disclosed in this prior art document is based on at least two of the following values: a first transmission value for each glasses in the UV wavelength range from 280 nm (nanometer) to 400 nm, a second transmission value for each eyeglass in the blue wavelength range from 400 nm to 500 nm and an additional value to quantify the amount of incident light reaching the eye from around the frame that holds the eyeglasses on the wearer's face. More precisely, this last value represents the external light that reaches the eye without being filtered through the glasses or absorbed or reflected by the frame of the item for use in the eyes.
    [004] But this known method of classification does not adequately quantify in all circumstances the amount of total UV radiation that enters the user’s eye of the item in use for the eyes. In particular, there are some conditions in which a significant amount of radiation enters the eye, but without being considered by this method.
    [005] Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide the classification of a pair of glasses that more significantly quantifies the protection against the risk of UV radiation that is produced by the glasses. In particular, the classification must take into account most of the actual conditions of exposure of the eye to UV radiation that actually occur.
    [006] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a value for classifying a pair of glasses in relation to protection against UV radiation, which can be easily and directly understood by a customer who intends to buy the glasses.
    [007] Yet another objective of the invention is to provide a rating value for a pair of glasses in relation to protection against UV radiation, which can be easily determined, in particular by measuring and / or calculating appropriate optical values. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [008] To fulfill these and other objectives, a first aspect of the invention proposes a method of classifying a pair of glasses in relation to the protection that is provided by these glasses against the risk of UV radiation, whereby an index value is calculated to quantify a reduction in the total amount of UV radiation that hits an eye for a spectacle wearer in relation to exposure to UV radiation without glasses, the method comprising the following steps:
    [009] / 1 / provide a UV radiation transmission value for the glasses, which is obtained by integrating weighted spectral transmission values to quantify the risk and intensity for each wavelength value, over a length range determined UV wave;
    [0010] / 2 / provide a UV radiation reflection value on a rear face of the glasses, and the UV radiation reflection is obtained by integrating spectral reflection values in relation to the rear face of the glasses, and weighted to quantify the risk and intensity for each wavelength value, over the determined UV wavelength range;
    [0011] / 3 / combining both the UV radiation transmission and UV radiation reflection values of the glasses with the use of an addition formula with non-zero positive factors respectively for the transmission of UV radiation and UV radiation reflection; and
    [0012] / 4 / calculate the index value from a base number divided by a result obtained in step / 3 /.
    [0013] Thus, the classification method of the invention is efficient because it takes into account the variation in the conditions of exposure of the eye to UV radiation. The first of these conditions occurs when the user's face is oriented towards the source of UV radiation. Therefore, transmission of UV radiation through glasses is the main mode of exposure of the user's eye to UV radiation, and this contribution participates in the index value through the transmission value of UV radiation from glasses involved in the addition formula.
    [0014] But second exposure conditions also occur when the user's face is oriented away from the UV radiation source, for example, with an angle of between 135 ° and 160 ° between the direction of the UV radiation source and the front direction of the user's face. Under such conditions, no UV radiation is transmitted through the glasses to the eye, but some radiation strikes the rear face of the glasses from the source of UV radiation around a user's head, mainly on both the outer sides, and is reflected for them eye glasses. This other mode of exposure is separate from that involving transmission through the glasses, but it also participates in the exposure of the eye to UV radiation when the user is equipped with the glasses. According to the invention, this reflection-based exposure mode also participates in the index value, through the UV radiation reflection value that is also involved in the addition formula.
    [0015] Consequently, the classification method of the invention is efficient because it takes into account the conditions of exposure of the eye to UV radiation due to the transmission of radiation through the glasses, but also to the reflection of radiation through the rear face of the glasses.
    [0016] Optionally, the index value can be obtained in step / 4 / from the ratio of the base number to the result for the addition formula filled in with the UV radiation transmission and UV radiation reflection values of the glasses , additionally implementing a correction or deviation term. Such correction or deviation term can be added to the ratio of the base number to the result of the addition formula. This may depend on geometric parameters such as the position of the UV radiation source in relation to the glasses, parameters of the eyeglass frame, the user's physiognomic parameters, curvature and lens scaling parameters, etc.
    [0017] Preferably, the index value calculated in step / 4 / can be equal to the base number divided by the result obtained in step / 3 / for the combination of the UV radiation transmission and UV radiation reflection values of the glasses with the use of the addition formula.
    [0018] In preferred implementations of the invention, the result of the addition formula can be equal to one when the UV radiation transmission from the glasses in that formula is replaced by a maximum value due to the scale used for the transmission of UV radiation, and also replacing the UV radiation reflection of the glasses is zero. Then, the result of the addition formula when using the UV radiation transmission and UV radiation reflection values of the glasses can be equal to a reduction factor for the total exposure of the eye to UV radiation when the user is equipped with the glasses, compared to the user without glasses. In other words, the result of the addition formula quantifies the efficiency of the glasses to protect the eye against the risk of UV radiation in everyday life. Such meaning of the index value provided by the invention is easy and simple to understand.
    [0019] The invention can be used to classify a pair of glasses in relation to the risk related to any source of UV radiation, natural or artificial, as long as the weighting function used in steps / 1 / and / 2 / corresponds to that source of UV radiation. This means that the weighting function for the spectral transmission and reflection values of the glasses is based on spectral irradiance values that correspond to the real source of UV radiation. When the sun is the source of UV radiation considered, the quantification of the intensity for each wavelength value in steps / 1 / and / 2 / can be implemented using solar spectral irradiance values as a factor within a function of weighting for the spectral transmission and spectral reflection values of the glasses.
    [0020] Preferably, the addition formula used in step / 3 / can be α ^ Ruv + β-xuv + y, where TUV and RUV are respectively the transmission of UV radiation and the reflection of UV radiation from glasses, α and β are the factors respectively for the UV radiation reflection and the UV radiation transmission from the ey and ey glasses is a constant value. The constant value y can be different from zero. So, it can mean an amount of UV radiation intensity that includes the solar UV radiation diffused before entering a user's eye. This amount of UV radiation intensity can also include direct solar UV radiation with the direction of incidence so that this radiation enters the user's eye after passing to the outside of a peripheral edge of a frame used with the glasses when the user is equipped with glasses. In both cases, the constant value y can be obtained from measurements made with reference conditions during the day, the amount of UV radiation intensity that includes the solar UV radiation diffused before entering the user's eye and that possibly includes , also, the direct solar UV radiation that enters the user's eye from the surroundings of the glasses.
    [0021] In alternative preferred implementations of the invention, the factors for the UV radiation reflection and the UV radiation transmission values of the glasses in the addition formula can both be equal to one, and the constant value can be zero. Very simple calculations then lead to the index value for any glasses.
    [0022] The determined uv wavelength range that is used in the two steps / 1 / and / 2 / can be a first range from 280 nm to 380 nm, or a second range from 280 nm to 400 nm, or a third range from 315 nm to 380 nm or a fourth range from 280 nm to 315 nm.
    [0023] a second aspect of the invention proposes a method of classifying a set of glasses in relation to the protection provided by each of these glasses against the risk of UV radiation, the method comprising the following steps:
    [0024] - for each of the glasses, calculate a respective index value by implementing a classification method as described above; and
    [0025] - compare the index values obtained for glasses respectively.
    [0026] Thus, a customer who intends to buy one of the glasses can make a selection based on clear information about the respective protection efficiencies against the risk of UV radiation. The customer can screen the glasses in relation to their index values while being aware of the absolute protection efficiency of each pair of glasses compared to the conditions with the naked eye.
    [0027] The invention is now described in detail for non-limiting deployments, with reference to the figures now listed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0028] Figure 1 illustrates currents of radiation that fall on an eye of a spectacle wearer.
    [0029] Figures 2a and 2b reproduce mathematical expressions to calculate the values of transmission of UV radiation and reflection of UV radiation for a pair of glasses.
    [0030] Figure 2c is a table containing spectral weight values that can be used in deployments of the invention.
    [0031] Figures 3a and 3b reproduce possible mathematical expressions suitable for calculating an index value according to the invention.
    [0032] For the sake of clarity, the elements represented in Figure 1 are not dimensioned in relation to the real dimensions, nor for reasons of real dimensions. In addition, the same characters used in different figures have the same meaning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0033] The UV part of solar radiation that is transmitted through the Earth's atmosphere is normally divided into two wavelength bands: UV A radiation that corresponds to 380 nm (nanometer) wavelength values at the limit with the band visible up to 315 nm, and UV B radiation for wavelength values from 315 nm to 280 nm. UV radiation from the sun with a wavelength below 280 nm, represented by UV C, is absorbed by ozone in the atmosphere, so that no one is exposed to UV C radiation in everyday life, except in exceptional conditions that are not encountered by most people. In addition, radiation with a wavelength between 380 nm and 400 nm can also be considered as belonging to the UV range. However, in the detailed description below and unless otherwise stated, the UV wavelength range considered for solar radiation can range from 280 nm to 380 nm, although the invention can be applied to other UV radiation ranges.
    [0034] In a known way, UV A radiation is absorbed by the lens of a human eye's lens, and the most important part of UV B radiation is absorbed by the cornea. Known eye pathologies are related to these UV radiation, so protecting the eye from exposure to UV radiation is a matter of growing interest. In particular, UV B radiation is known to be more dangerous than UV A radiation. The present invention seeks to quantify such protection for glasses such as prescription glasses, in a simple way to calculate and understand, but significant.
    [0035] This applies to any glasses: glasses for ametropia correction, progressive addition glasses, multifocal glasses, non-prescription glasses, sunglasses, etc., whatever the base material of the glasses: mineral, organic or hybrid . This also applies to glasses that are provided with one or more coatings or layers on at least one of the optical faces, namely the front face, the rear face, both the front and rear faces and / or possibly an interface additional glasses located between the front face and the back face. In particular, this applies to glasses that have anti-reflective coatings on the back, as will be indicated later by the fact that such a reflection is important in some circumstances.
    [0036] The invention also applies to goggles for goggles, whatever the curvature of the glasses, the exact shape of the frame, in particular the sides of the frame, the material of the frame, etc. In particular, the invention is compatible with configurations in which a single pair of elongated glasses extends continuously before both eyes of the wearer. It is compatible with sides of the frame that transmit UV radiation or block UV radiation.
    [0037] Figure 1 schematically shows several radiation flows that fall on the eye of the spectacle wearer. The reference numbers 1, 1a and 1b represent the glasses, the front and the rear face respectively. The radiation flows are now listed:
    [0038] T: radiation that comes directly from the sun and is transmitted through glasses 1, from the front face 1a to the back face 1b and then reaches the eye;
    [0039] R: the radiation that comes directly from the sun and is reflected in the posterior face 1b of the glasses 1 and that reaches, then, the eye;
    [0040] D1: the radiation that comes directly from the sun, that passes around the glasses 1 on the external side of the peripheral edge of them and a frame used with the glasses 1, and that reaches the eye;
    [0041] D2: radiation that comes indirectly from the sun, since it is diffused by elements contained in the user's environment such as a terrestrial or aquatic surface before passing around the glasses 1 and reaching the eye; and
    [0042] D3: radiation that comes indirectly from the sun, since it is diffused by the wearer's skin or by the frame of the glasses before reaching the eye.
    [0043] These radiation flows apply in particular to UV radiation.
    [0044] T and R radiation flows depend on the characteristics of the glasses, in particular the transmission and reflection values of the glasses, respectively. But they can also depend on additional features of the glasses such as the dimensions of the glasses, the base value, the prism value, the pantographic angle value, etc. As is well known in ophthalmic, the base value of the glasses refers to the curvature value of the glasses at a reference point on the front face of the glasses. Due to the directions of origin of the radiation flows T and R in relation to the glasses 1, these flows T and R do not exist simultaneously. In fact, the flow of T radiation is different from zero when the user's face is oriented towards the side of the sun, and then direct solar radiation cannot reach the rear face 1b of the glasses 1. In contrast, the radiation flow R is different from zero when the user's face is oriented away from the sun side, and then direct solar radiation cannot reach the front face 1a of the glasses 1 to pass through them. But the T and R radiation flows can occur one after the other when the spectacle wearer is turning, from being initially facing south until facing north with a deviation of about 30 ° from the north direction.
    [0045] In addition, the radiation flow T affects the front face 1a of the glasses 1 with a value for the angle of incidence iT that depends on the azimuth orientation of a user's head, but also on the time within the period of the day and from latitude on the Earth's surface to the height of the sun, from the pantoscopic angle, etc. However, since the transmission normally changes only to a limited extent as long as the iT incidence angle is not too large, it is possible to consider that the value for transmission through the glasses 1 in 0 ° (degree) for the iT incidence angle it almost always applies. The angle of incidence is measured in relation to the reference direction FD which is oriented forwards towards the glasses 1, that is, towards the front from the front face 1a.
    [0046] The value of the angle of incidence iR for the radiation flow R on the back face of glasses 1b must allow the flow R to propagate between the rim of the glasses 1 and the head of a user. For this reason, the incidence angle iR of the radiation flow R, again in relation to the reference direction FD, is between 135 ° and 160 °, most often between 145 ° and 150 °. Such angle values do not really appear in Figure 1, since the direction of propagation of the radiation flow R is not contained in the cut plane of that figure. It is repeated, again, that direct solar radiation is not transmitted through glasses 1 with angle iT and reflected with angle iR at the same time.
    [0047] The radiation flows D1 to D3 do not depend on the transmission and reflection values of the glasses, but they can depend on other parameters such as the dimensions of the glasses, geometric characteristics of the frame and the user's face, etc. In addition, the spectral energy distributions of radiation flows D2 and D3 do not depend only on solar irradiance, since these flows are diffused before reaching the eye. For this reason, the spectral diffusion efficiency of the diffusion elements can play a significant role. For the sake of simplicity, the respective radiation energies of the flows D1 to D3 on the surface of the eye can be summarized within a resulting radiation contribution D, so that D = D1 + D2 + D3. For some circumstances in which the total energy value of the radiation contribution D is much less than the amount of energy from the radiation flow T or R, or for the sake of simplicity in calculating the index value, it is possible to consider that the contribution of D radiation is equal to zero.
    [0048] The International Standard ISO 13666 indicates a way to calculate a transmission in the solar UV A spectrum, as well as a transmission in the solar UV B spectrum. Both are expressed as continuous sums, that is, integration, over the corresponding UV A and UV B wavelength bands, of the spectral transmission of the glasses weighted with the solar spectral irradiance Es (À) multiplied by a function of relative spectral efficacy S (À) for UV radiation. The product of Es (À) and S (À) appears, then, as the real weighting function of the spectral transmission, and is represented as W (À). In the context of the present description, transmission and transmittance are used in an equivalent way, as long as the individual skilled in optics knows that they are interrelated by a reference area factor.
    [0049] Figure 2a contains an expression for the transmission of glasses in the total solar UV spectrum, corresponding to the combined UV A and UV B spectra. This expression is consistent with those of the ISO 13666 Standard for the UV A and UV B ranges separately. In accordance with the indications reported above, the total solar spectrum UV A and UV B can correspond to the wavelength range that extends from 280 nm to 380 nm. T (À) represents the spectral transmission through glasses and TUV is the transmission of UV radiation from glasses, also called the transmission of average solar UV radiation from glasses.
    [0050] Figure 2b corresponds to Figure 2a for the reflection of UV radiation on the rear face of the glasses. R (À) represents the spectral reflection on the rear face of the glasses and RUV is the UV radiation reflection on the rear face of the glasses, also called the average solar UV reflection of the glasses.
    [0051] In the two expressions of the transmission of UV radiation and the reflection of UV radiation of Figures 2a and 2b, the continuous sums over the UV wavelength range can be replaced by discrete sums, for example, with the use of a step wavelength of 5 nm. Other wavelength step values can be used alternatively, as long as the values of the solar spectral irradiance Es (À) and the relative spectral efficiency function S (À) are appropriately interpolated. Annex A of the ISO 13666 Standard contains a table that is reproduced in Figure 2c, with the values of the solar spectral irradiance Es (À) and the relative spectral efficiency function S (À) for each UV À wavelength with a step of 5 nm, from 280 nm to 380 nm. This table can thus be used to calculate the values of transmission of UV radiation and reflection of UV radiation.
    [0052] Figure 3a shows a possible mathematical formula for the index value of the invention. This index is represented as E-SPF® which means sun protection factor for the eye. In this formula:
    [0053] BN is a base number that is constant and different from zero, and acts as a scale factor for the index;
    [0054] TUV (ÍT) is the transmission of UV radiation from the glasses as described above, evaluated for the iT incidence angle value;
    [0055] RUV (iR) is the reflection of UV radiation from the rear face of the glasses as described above, evaluated for the value of the angle of incidence iR;
    [0056] α and β are the factors of the reflection of UV radiation RUV and the transmission of UV radiation TUV, respectively; and
    [0057] Y is a constant value.
    [0058] For consistency with the geometric considerations related to Figure 1, the transmission of UV radiation tUV can be provided for a first value of the angle of incidence iT of UV rays on the glasses 1, which is less than 30 ° . The UV radiation reflection RUV can be supplied for a second value of the iR incidence angle of UV rays on the back face 1b of the glasses 1, which is between 135 ° and 160 °, with the two incidence angles iT and iR measured from the reference direction oriented to the front FD of the glasses.
    [0059] The use of non-zero values for the two factors α and β allows the index value obtained to be significant for conditions in which the exposure of the eye to UV radiation is due to the transmission of radiation through glasses, but also when the exposure of the eye to UV radiation is due to the reflection of radiation on the back of the glasses. This is especially advantageous since exposure of the eye to UV radiation by the posterior face reflex can form the most important contribution to total exposure over a long period of time in some cases, for example, with sunglasses with wide open intervals between side edges of the glasses and the user’s temples, and for conditions where the solar height is low.
    [0060] Preferably, the ratio of the factor β to the number of ba if BN, that is, β / BN, can be in the range of 0.01 to 1. Similarly, the α / BN ratio may also be in the range of 0.01 to 1. More preferably, α / BN is equal to or greater than 0.2, 0.4, 0.5 or 0.6 in the order of increasing preference, while remaining less than or equal to 1. In parallel, β / BN is equal to or greater than 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 or 0.7 also in order of increasing preference, again at the same time that it remains less than or equal a 1. A preferred combination is α / BN and β / BN both in the range of 0.5 to 1.
    [0061] Generally, the factors α and β represent, in particular, the role of geometric factors that relate to the glasses or the conditions of use of the glasses, such as the area of the glasses for the factor β and the area of the open interval between the user’s glasses and temples for the α factor. The two factors β and α can be obtained from photometric measurements carried out respectively for the intensity of direct solar UV radiation that affects the eye of a user and the intensity of direct solar UV radiation that affects the rear face of the glasses from the back of a user’s head, which corresponds respectively to the T and R radiation flows. For such measurements, the reference values can be used for parameters that are selected from daytime lighting parameters, usage parameters and dimensioning of a spectacle frame used with the glasses, and the base parameter of the glasses. In some implementations of such measurements, the factors α and β can be obtained from measurement results calculated by averages that are performed with the variation of some of the selected lighting parameters from solar time, azimuth direction of the head of a user, user's head tilt, station, date of year, latitude on Earth, etc.
    [0062] The constant value y represents the contribution of total radiation D. It can be zero for simplified implantations of the invention, or it can be different from zero with the value obtained from measurements made with reference conditions during the day, according to an amount of intensity of UV radiation that includes the streams of solar UV radiation D2 and D3 that are diffused before reaching the eye of the user. In this case, the amount of UV radiation intensity that is measured to obtain the constant y value can additionally include the direct solar UV radiation flow D1 with incidence direction so that this radiation flow reaches the user's eye after passing outside the peripheral edge of the frame used with the glasses when the user is equipped in this way.
    [0063] The factors α and β and the constant value y can be determined through measurements of irradiance with the use of a sensor placed at the eye location on the head of a mannequin that simulates the user. The measurements are conducted in a solar environment, while the glasses are mounted on prescription glasses on the model's head in the same position as if they were actually worn by the user.
    [0064] In a first experiment, the rear face of the glasses is covered by a UV radiation blocking material, for example, an opaque material that absorbs all visible and UV rays that fall on the front face of the glasses and transmitted to the face posterior, as well as the UV rays that fall on the posterior face. Thus, no UV rays reach the sensor, which would come from the front through the glasses and from the rear with reflection on the rear face of the glasses. The constant value y can then be determined.
    [0065] In a second experiment, the UV radiation blocking material is covered over the front face of the glasses. Then, in addition to the constant y value, the sensor measures the part of irradiance due to the reflection on the rear face of the glasses. The value of factor α can thus be calculated.
    [0066] In a third and final experiment, all irradiance received by the user's eye is measured by the sensor, and the value of factor β can also be obtained.
    [0067] Figure 3b corresponds to Figure 3a for a preferred implantation of the invention. In this implantation, the factors α and β both for the reflection of UV radiation RUV and for the transmission of UV radiation TUV are equal to one, and the constant value is zero: α = β = 1 and y = 0. The BN base number can also be equal to one. For example, the E-SPF value thus calculated can be based on a value for the reflection of UV radiation that is evaluated for the incidence angle iR of 145 °, and a value for the transmission of UV radiation that is evaluated for the iT incidence angle of 0 °. Such E-SPF value is easy to be calculated for any glasses, from values of transmission of UV radiation and reflection of UV radiation obtained in accordance with the formulas of Figures 2a and 2b.
    [0068] The expression in Figure 3b for the E-SPF index was used to classify four glasses obtained by combining two base glasses with two anti-reflective coatings arranged on the back faces of the base glasses. The first base glasses, represented as base glasses 1, have a transmission of UV TUV radiation (0 °) at zero value for the incidence angle iT which is equal to about 5%, and the transmission of UV radiation tUV ( 0 °) of the second base glasses, represented as base glasses 2, is zero. The first coating, represented as coating 1, is effective mainly in the visible wavelength range, while the second coating, represented as coating 2, has been optimized to minimize the reflection of the back face in the UV range by about 145 ° to the angle incidence iR. Thus, for the two base glasses 1 and 2, the UV radiation reflection RUV (145 °) of coating 1 is equal to about 13%, and of coating 2 is equal to about 4%. The table below gathers the E-SPF values that are obtained for the four glasses:

    [0069] Thus, the invention allows to classify the glasses easily and efficiently in relation to the protection of the eye that is provided by each one of them against the risk of UV radiation. First, the respective index value is calculated for each of the glasses. Then, the index values that were obtained respectively for the glasses are compared to each other.
    [0070] Generally for the present invention, the result of the addition formula in the denominator of the index value, namely α ^ Ruv + β ^ Tuv + Y, can be obtained directly from measurements made with the glasses using a bench photometer designed to simulate outdoor lighting conditions during the day. For this purpose, sources of UV radiation possibly with filters selected in order to reproduce the weight function W (À) may be located in front of the glasses 1 and behind them with an angular deviation equal to 180 ° -iR, and sources of optionally additional UV radiation to reproduce radiation flows D1 to D3. All sources of UV radiation are activated simultaneously and a UV photometer located behind the glasses captures the amount of total UV radiation at the user's eye location in relation to the glasses.
    [0071] The invention can be implemented while adapting or modifying some details in relation to the above specification, but maintaining at least some of its advantages. In particular, the numerical values quoted are for illustrative purposes only and can be adapted.
    [0072] In addition, alternative implementations of the invention can be obtained by modifying the wavelength range of UV radiation, which is used to calculate both the values of the transmission of UV TUV radiation and the reflection of UV radiation RUV. Then, the E-SPF index value is obtained for the selected UV wavelength range, based on the values of the UV Tuv radiation transmission and the UV RUV radiation reflection that were calculated for that selected UV wavelength range. . The modified Uv wavelength range should therefore be taken into account in the formulas in Figures 2a and 2b in place of UvA and UvB that range as a whole from 280 nm to 380 nm, and the resulting modified results for the transmission of UV TUv radiation and the UV RUv radiation reflection will propagate in the formulas of Figures 3a and 3b.
    [0073] In the first of these alternative deployments, the Uv wavelength range from 280 nm to 380 nm as used earlier in the detailed description can be replaced by the extended Uv wavelength range from 280 nm to 400 nm.
    [0074] On the second of these alternative deployments, the Uv wavelength range can be limited to Uv A radiation, from 315 nm to 380 nm. Then, the formulas in Figures 2a and 2b lead to values for a Uv A radiation transmission value, namely TUv A, and a Uv A radiation reflection value, RUv A. A value is then obtained for the index E-SPF which refers only to Uv A radiation: E-SPF (Uv A).
    [0075] Third alternative implantations are obtained in a similar way using the Uv B wavelength range only: from 280 nm to 315 nm, instead of the Uv A wavelength range of the second implantations. Thus, a transmission value of Uv B TUv B radiation, a reflection value of Uv B RUv B radiation and a value for the E-SPF index (Uv B) are obtained, which refer to Uv B radiation.
    [0076] However, one must be aware of the following inequalities:
    [0077] Tuv A + Tuv B # Tuv according to the latter TUV is shown in Figure 2a using the union of the Uv A and Uv B bands,
    [0078] Ruv A + Ruv B # Ruv according to the last Ruv is shown in Figure 2b using the union of the UV A and UV B bands, and
    [0079] E-SPF (UV A) + E-SPF (UV B) # E-SPF according to the latter value of E-SPF results from the formula in Figure 3a or 3b in which the values of TUV and RUV are obtained for the union of the UV A and UV B bands.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    1. Method of classifying glasses (1) with respect to the protection provided by said glasses against the risk of UV radiation, by means of which an index value (E-SPF) is calculated to quantify a reduction in a total amount of radiation UV that focuses on an eye for a user of said glasses in relation to exposure to UV radiation without glasses, the method is characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps: / 1 / provide a UV radiation transmission value (TUV) for the glasses (1), obtained by integrating the spectral transmission values (T (À)) weighted to quantify the risk (S (À)) and intensity (Es (À)) for each wavelength value (À), over a determined UV wavelength range (UV A & UV B); / 2 / provide a UV radiation reflection value (RUV) on a rear face (1b) of the glasses (1), said UV radiation reflection is obtained by integrating the spectral reflection values (R (À)) that refer to to the rear face of the glasses, and weighted to quantify the risk (S (À)) and intensity (Es (À)) for each wavelength value (À), over the determined UV wavelength range (UV A & UV B); / 3 / combine both UV radiation transmission (TUV) and UV radiation reflection (RUV) values of the glasses (1) with the use of an addition formula with positive factors other than zero (β, α) respectively for transmitting UV radiation and reflecting UV radiation; e / 4 / calculate the index value (E-SPF) from a non-zero base number (BN) divided by a result obtained in step / 3 /.
    [0002]
    2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the index value (E-SPF) calculated in step / 4 / is equal to the base number (BN) divided by the result obtained in step / 3 / for the combination of the values of transmission of UV radiation (TUV) and reflection of UV radiation (RUV) of the glasses (1) with the use of the addition formula.
    [0003]
    3. Method, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the result of the addition formula is equal to one when replacing in the said addition formula the transmission of uv radiation (tuv) of the glasses by a maximum value due to a scale used for the transmission of uv radiation, and also replacing the uv radiation reflection (Ruv) of the glasses with zero, and in which the result of the addition formula when using the values of uv radiation transmission (tuv) and the UV radiation reflex (Ruv) of the glasses (1) is equal to a reduction factor for the total exposure of the eye to UV radiation when the user is equipped with the glasses, compared to the user without glasses.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the quantification of the intensity (Es (À)) for each wavelength value (À) in the steps / 1 / and / 2 / is implemented using the values of solar spectral irradiance as a factor within a weighting function for the spectral transmission (t (À)) and spectral reflection (R (À)) values of the glasses (1).
    [0005]
    5. Method, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the transmission of uv radiation (tuv) is provided in step / 1 / for a first value of an angle of incidence (iT) of uv rays on the glasses (1) less than 30 °, and the uv radiation reflection (Ruv) is provided in step / 2 / for a second uv ray incidence angle (iR) value on the rear face (1b) of the glasses between 135 ° and 160 °, the incidence angles (iT, iR) being measured from a forward-facing reference direction (FD) of the glasses.
    [0006]
    6. Method, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that a factor ratio (β) for the transmission of UV radiation (TUV) of the glasses (1) used in step / 3 / to the base number (BN) is in the range of 0.01 to 1.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that a factor (α) ratio to the UV radiation reflection (RUV) on the back face (1b) of the glasses (1) used in step / 3 / for the base number (BN) is in the range of 0.01 to 1.
    [0008]
    8. Method, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the factors (β, α) for the transmission of UV radiation (tUV) and the reflection of UV radiation (RUV) used in step / 3 / to the glasses (1) are obtained from photometric measurements made respectively for the intensity of direct solar UV radiation that affects the user's eye and the intensity of direct solar UV radiation that affects the posterior face (1b) of the glasses (1) from the back of a user's head, with reference values for the parameters selected from a list that includes daytime lighting parameters, usage parameters and design of a prescription eyeglass frame used with the glasses , and a basic parameter of the glasses.
    [0009]
    9. Method, according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the factors (β, α) for the transmission of UV radiation (tUV) and the reflection of UV radiation (RUV) used in step / 3 / for the glasses (1) are obtained from measurement results calculated by averages performed with the variation of some of the lighting parameters selected from the apparent solar time, the azimuth direction of a user's head, the inclination of a user's head, the season, date of year and latitude on Earth.
    [0010]
    10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the addition formula used in step / 3 / is α ^ Ruv + β • TUV + y, where TUV and RUV are respectively the radiation transmission UV and the UV radiation reflection of the glasses (1), α and β are the factors for the UV radiation reflection (Ruv) and the UV radiation transmission (tuv) of the glasses (1), respectively, and y is a constant value.
    [0011]
    11. Method, according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the factors (α, β) of the values of the uv radiation reflection (Ruv) and the transmission of uv radiation (tuv) of the glasses (1) in the formula of addition, they are both equal to one, and the constant value (y) is zero.
    [0012]
    12. Method, according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the constant value (y) is different from zero and is obtained from measurements made with reference conditions during the day, of an amount of UV intensity that includes uv solar radiation diffused before entering a user's eye.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the amount of UV radiation intensity measured to obtain the constant value (y) additionally includes direct UV solar radiation with an incidence direction, so that the said direct UV solar radiation enters the user's eye after passing through the outside of a peripheral edge of a frame used with the glasses (1) when the user is equipped with said glasses.
    [0014]
    14. Method, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the result of the addition formula is obtained directly from measurements made with the glasses (1) using a bench photometer designed to simulate conditions of external lighting during the day.
    [0015]
    15. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the determined UV wavelength range used in steps / 1 / and / 2 / is selected from the list comprising a first 280 nm range at 380 nm, a second range from 280 nm to 400 nm, a third range from 315 nm to 380 nm and a fourth range from 280 nm to 315 nm.
    [0016]
    16. Method of classifying a set of glasses with respect to the protection provided by each of the said glasses against the risk of UV radiation characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps: - for each of the glasses, calculate a respective index value (E-SPF) by implementing a classification method, as defined in any of the preceding claims; and - compare the index values obtained for glasses respectively.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ZA201404532B|2015-09-30|
    MX2014007745A|2014-08-01|
    PT2684030E|2015-09-23|
    PL2684030T3|2015-10-30|
    AU2012358073A1|2014-07-10|
    NZ626532A|2016-12-23|
    US20130341523A1|2013-12-26|
    EA026427B1|2017-04-28|
    BR112014015313A8|2017-06-13|
    ES2544846T3|2015-09-04|
    WO2013092377A1|2013-06-27|
    IL233222A|2020-04-30|
    US9404863B2|2016-08-02|
    IL233222D0|2014-08-31|
    EP2684030B1|2015-05-06|
    BR112014015313A2|2017-06-13|
    EP2607884A1|2013-06-26|
    CO6990677A2|2014-07-10|
    KR102041951B1|2019-11-07|
    CA2859774A1|2013-06-27|
    US20160320302A1|2016-11-03|
    CN104011532B|2016-10-26|
    CN104011532A|2014-08-27|
    US9000390B2|2015-04-07|
    JP2016130740A|2016-07-21|
    EA026427B9|2017-05-31|
    EA201400626A1|2014-09-30|
    JP2014513818A|2014-06-05|
    KR20140107307A|2014-09-04|
    MX351462B|2017-10-16|
    EP2684030A1|2014-01-15|
    JP2015163879A|2015-09-10|
    US20140008543A1|2014-01-09|
    AU2012358073B2|2016-03-31|
    CN105181299B|2018-03-20|
    JP5723066B2|2015-05-27|
    CN105181299A|2015-12-23|
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    法律状态:
    2018-08-14| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL (FR) |
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-12| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-16| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-04-13| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/12/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP113056764.9|2011-12-23|
    EP11306764.9A|EP2607884A1|2011-12-23|2011-12-23|Eyeglass rating with respect to protection against uv hazard|
    PCT/EP2012/075406|WO2013092377A1|2011-12-23|2012-12-13|Eyeglass rating with respect to protection against uv hazard|
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